Surveying is the technique, profession, science and art of making all essential measurements to determine the relative position of points or physical and cultural details above, on, or beneath the surface of the Earth, and to depict them in their objectives. Surveyors use elements of mathematics (geometry and trigonometry), physics, engineering and law. Surveyor measures certain dimensions that generally occur on the surface of the Earth. Surveying equipment, such as levels and theodolites, are used for accurate measurement of angular deviation, horizontal, usable form, or to establish the position of points or details. These points are usually on the surface of the earth, and they are often used to establish land maps and boundaries for ownership or governmental purposes. To accomplish vertical and slope distances with computerization, electronic distance measurement (EDM), total stations, remotes sensing, Photogrammetric, GPS surveying and laser scanning have supplemented to a large extent.
- Teacher: Dr. Keshav Kumar